![]() ![]() One of the best understood lncRNAs functioning in development, HOTAIR, is located within the HoxC gene cluster on chromosome 12, and represses the expression of genes in the HoxD gene cluster on chromosome 2. LncRNAs could cooperate with DNA, other RNAs or proteins to function in cell differentiation, development to diseases. With their number approaching 10 thousand in the human genome, lncRNAs have been shown to have diverse activities, ranging from recruiting chromatin remodeling complexes to transcriptional regulation and post transcriptional processing of RNAs. Based on the size of their transcripts, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are classified into small noncoding RNAs (length  200 nt). The remainder, collectively referred to as noncoding RNAs, are one of the most intensely investigated subjects in almost all areas of biomedical science. We found that differentially expressed lncRNAs may regulate the expression of many cellular protein-coding genes involved in pathways from native immunity to neuronal development, thus revealing important roles of lncRNAs in the regulation of host transcriptional programs in HSV-1 infected human cells.Īpproximately 70 % of the human genome is transcribed, but less than 2 % of which encodes proteins. Gene Ontology and Pathway enrichment analyses revealed potential lncRNA targets, including genes in chromatin assembly, genes in neuronal development and neurodegenerative diseases and genes in the immune response, such as Toll-like receptor signaling and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways. We detected 208 annotated and 206 novel differentially expressed lncRNAs. Here we analyzed HSV-1 infection induced, differentially expressed lncRNAs and predicted their target genes. Based on correlations of expression patterns of differentially expressed protein-coding genes and lncRNAs, we predicted that these lncRNAs may regulate, either in cis or in trans, the expression of many cellular protein-coding genes. We analyzed differentially expressed lncRNAs and their potential targets from RNA-seq data in HSV-1 infected human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. However, how genome wide lncRNAs expressions are affected by the infection and how lncRNAs expression relates to protein coding gene expression have not been analyzed. HSV-1 productive infection leads to profound changes in the host cells, including the host transcriptome. Herpes Simplex Virus type I (HSV-1) latently infects over 80 % of the population, its reactivation from latency usually results in productive infections in human epithelial cells, and is responsible for the common cold sores and genital Herpes. One of the most important functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is to control protein coding gene transcription by acting locally in cis, or remotely in trans. ![]()
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